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China claims to have developed AI chip more powerful than US’s Nvidia
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Scientists at Beijing’s Tsinghua University have developed a new kind of computer chip that is more efficient than NVIDIA’s A100 chip, one of the most commercially used AI chips in the world today.
Called an all-analog chip combining electronic and light computing (ACCEL), the chip is based on both photonic computing and electronic processing. The researchers calculated that the chip can perform 74.8 quadrillion operations per second using just one watt of power.
Their study states that this technology has broad applications, including in wearable devices, autonomous vehicles, and industrial inspections, where fast and energy-efficient visual processing is crucial.
See Also Related- China’s tech giants race to secure Nvidia’s last AI chips amid US ban
A big leap forward in terms of efficiency
Photonic computing is a technology that allows faster and low-energy processing of visual information. However, there are challenges in creating systems using this technology due to complex optical properties, power-hungry conversion of data, and sensitivity to errors. This is what prompted the Chinese scientists to develop ACCEL.
ACCEL is fast and capable of performing 4.6 quadrillion operations per second, in comparison to NVIDIA’s A100, which delivers 0.312 quadrillion operations per second of deep learning performance. It's significantly faster and more energy efficient than the traditional computer processors, say the scientists.
Unlike semiconductor chips, photonic chips work by using light to extract features from visual data and then directly using that light for calculations on an integrated chip. This eliminates the need for power-hungry analog-to-digital converters and reduces the time it takes to process each frame of data to just 72 nanoseconds.
The team also ran practical experiments in which ACCEL demonstrated high accuracy in tasks like recognizing images and videos. In practical terms, ACCEL outperforms the traditional GPU by a huge margin, achieving the same level of accuracy but doing so more quickly and with much less energy consumption.
Analog chips lack the versatility of general computing chips. Although ACCEL, an analog chip, is specialized and designed for solving specific types of problems, it cannot perform a wide range of different functions like the general-purpose computing chips found in smartphones or computers.
Dai Qionghai, one of the co-leaders of the research team, said, “Developing a new computing architecture for the AI era is a pinnacle achievement. However, the more important challenge is to bring this new architecture to practical applications, solving major national and public needs, which is our responsibility.”
The US-China AI arms race
This is a significant development also for the reason that the Biden administration has placed further strict restrictions on China getting access to the US’ advanced AI chip technology.
The biggest blow was dealt to NVIDIA, which now may have to cancel $5 billion worth of chip orders to China in compliance with the US government’s restrictions. The restrictions could also affect chips sold by AMD and Intel.
NVIDIA had even come out with A800 and H800 chips last year, the Chinese alternative for A100 and H800, especially to continue its shipment to China, which is one of the chip maker's biggest markets.
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