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After Bennu triumph, OSIRIS
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The United States has successfully delivered its first-ever samples collected from an asteroid to Earth.
NASA achieved a historic milestone with the flawless delivery of asteroid Bennu samples in a designated area of the Department of Defense’s Utah Test and Training Range near Salt Lake City.
The capsule, containing pristine rocks and dust, touched down at 8:52 a.m. MDT (10:52 a.m. EDT) on Sunday, September 24.
The sealed sample container is scheduled to be flown to NASA's Johnson Space Center in Houston on Monday, September 25.
The OSIRIS-REx mission, which stands for Origins, Spectral Interpretation, Resource Identification, and Security–Regolith Explorer, was launched in 2016 and successfully gathered samples from the surface of Bennu in 2020.
See Also Related- NASA's OSIRIS-REx clears last hurdle before Earth return
- NASA gears for the historic return of asteroid Bennu’s sample
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- NASA's OSIRIS-REx capsule safely delivers pristine asteroid sample
“Congratulations to the OSIRIS-REx team on a picture-perfect mission – the first American asteroid sample return in history – which will deepen our understanding of the origin of our solar system and its formation. Not to mention, Bennu is a potentially hazardous asteroid, and what we learn from the sample will help us better understand the types of asteroids that could come our way,” said NASA Administrator Bill Nelson.
When the OSIRIS-REx spacecraft was roughly 63,000 miles (102,000 kilometers) above the Earth's surface, it released the sample capsule for touch-down.
Within an hour and a half of its release, a helicopter swiftly transported the capsule to a temporary clean room set up on the training range.
As per the NASA release, the capsule is connected to a steady supply of nitrogen, which has low reactivity with most chemicals. This nitrogen supply will prevent any potential earthly contaminants from entering the container, ensuring the purity of the sample for scientific analysis.
The extended mission
From the 8.8 ounces (250 grams) of samples, small portions will be distributed to scientists worldwide for conducting scientific examinations of the pristine asteroid.
This successful delivery has provided scientists with direct, invaluable material from an asteroid that bears information about the early solar system, planet formation, and the possible origins of life on Earth.
Following the release of the sample capsule, the spacecraft has embarked on an extended mission, traveling further to reach another near-Earth asteroid known as Apophis, which is considered potentially hazardous.
This extended mission is named OSIRIS-APEX, short for OSIRIS-APophis EXplorer.
This mission will not gather samples but will instead study and map the asteroid extensively.
The investigation of the spacecraft will bring new insights into the early solar system and possibly deadly asteroids. The spacecraft is planned to begin scientific observations in April 2029, as it will take almost six years to reach the asteroid after multiple laps around the Sun.
Following Apophis' near approach to Earth on April 13, 2029, the spacecraft will perform a thorough investigation of the asteroid for 18 months.
Although it will not hit Earth, scientists can make use of this rare encounter to study the asteroid more closely and in-depth.
Upon its initial discovery in 2004, astronomers analyzing Apophis' orbit initially believed it could collide with Earth in 2029. However, subsequent observations eliminated that possibility.
With continuous tracking, concerns again emerged about a potential impact in 2036, but those worries were also dispelled. Through more precise observation, it has been confirmed that Apophis poses no threat to Earth for at least the next century.
“The mission science team plans to study how Earth's gravitational influence during this close approach changes the asteroid by disturbing the rotation rate and surface, potentially revealing what lies just beneath the surface and more about its material properties,“ mentioned the University of Arizona release.
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