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This surgical robot can remove brain tumors from children
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In an interview with Medical Design & Outsourcingpublished this week, the chief of pediatric cardiac bioengineering at Boston Children’s Hospital Pierre Dupont highlighted a new robot agile enough to remove brain tumors from children's small skulls.
“We needed to use basically hollow arms,” DuPont explained to the magazine.
“There were a few technologies that would give you that: tendon actuation like in steerable catheters, the same technology that’s used in robotic bronchoscopes. And then there’s another technology — concentric tube robots, which is something that I developed when I was at Boston University, and also other folks have worked on it in a contemporaneous fashion.”
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More precise and stable surgeries
Robotic brain surgery offers several benefits, including the capacity to perform more precise and stable operations. The surgeon's hand's inherent tremors can be compensated for by the robotic devices, enabling more precise movements during delicate procedures.
Robots used in neurosurgery are frequently built for less invasive operations. They avoid the necessity for massive craniotomies (skull holes) by accessing the brain through tiny incisions and using specialized tools. This can lead to shorter recovery times and reduced risk of complications.
The da Vinci Surgical System, which is utilized for a variety of surgical procedures, including brain surgery, and the ROSA (Robotic Stereotactic Assistance) system, which was created exclusively for neurosurgery, are two of the most popular examples of neurosurgical robots.
However, Dupont’s robot has a special quality: pre-curved nitinol tubes that offer enough rigidity to cope with the strains of surgery, providing surgeons more space to operate.
Bigger workspaces
“The technological jump here is how can we make concentric tube robots with bigger workspaces, so they bend more left to right, but also perfectly balance. … The real limitation is workspace size, so we developed a technique to increase that size,” DuPont explained.
This solution, argued the surgeon, is a breakthrough in brain surgery and could even be used on adults to improve their chances of surviving notoriously dangerous operations.
“Right now, 90% of the surgeries are done as open surgery. You’re viewing through a microscope, you push the good brain away to get to the bad brain. And then endoscopic, you’re doing this one-handed, one-tool-type of removal,” DuPont said. “With robotic, you’ve got got the best of both worlds: both arms for open surgery and a variety of tools, but minimal [invasiveness].”
Now, a group of Babson College MBA students working for DuPont is looking into how to commercialize the technology. However, it's too early for strategic investors, he claimed, adding that he has also spoken with device manufacturers who noted that they only wanted the robot if it had gone through its first human trials.
While robotic-assisted brain surgery has many advantages, it is vital to remember that it does not take the place of an experienced surgical team. Surgeons continue to be a crucial component of every surgery, controlling the robotic system and making important choices all throughout an operation. Robots are only used to complement and enhance human capabilities.
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